kla2005
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History:
Muay thai match in Bangkok, Thailand. Praying before the match.
Muay thai match in Bangkok,Thailand. A Thai boxer praying during the Wai Kru before match.
Various forms of kickboxing have long been practiced throughout Southeast Asia. As with the most countries in the
region, Thai culture is highly influenced by ancient civilizations within Southeast Asia. The origins of Muay Thai
is unclear. One theory is that it was with the Tai people before the Tai immigration to Southeast Asia from China.
Another is that it was adopted and modified off of Khmer martial arts when Thai culture was influenced by Khmer
culture. A third theory is that a little bit of both the first and second theory occurred. Muay Thai evolved from
its ancestor Muay Boran ("ancient boxing" , an unarmed combat used by Siamese soldiers in conjunction with Krabi
Krabong, the weapon-based style. Eventually Muay Boran was divided to:
* Muay Korat (Northeast) emphasized strength. A technique like "Throwing Buffalo Punch" was used. It could
supposedly defeat a buffalo in one blow.
* Muay Lopburi (Center region) emphasized movements. Its strong points were straight and counter punches.
* Muay Chaiya (South) emphasized posture and defense, as well as elbows and knees.
* Muay Ta Sao (North) emphasized speed, particularly in kicking. Because of its faster speed, it was called also
called "Ling Lom" (windy monkey or Loris).
There is a phrase about Muay Boran that states, "Punch Korat, Wit Lopburi, Posture Chaiya, Faster Thasao.
As well as continuing to function as a practical fighting technique for use in actual warfare, Muay Thai became a
sport in which the opponents fought in front of spectators who went to watch for entertainment. This kind of muay
contests gradually became an integral part of local festivals and celebrations, especially those held at temples. It
was even used as entertainment to kings.
Eventually, the previously bare-fisted fighters started wearing lengths of rope wrapped around their hands and
forearms. This type of match was called muay kaad chuek (มวยคาดเชือก.
Royal Muay:
Muay gradually became a possible means of personal advancement as the nobility increasingly esteemed skillful
practitioners of the art and invited selected fighters to come to live in the Royal palace to teach muay to the
staff of the royal household, soldiers, princes or the king's personal guards.[citation needed] This "royal muay"
was called muay luang.
Some time during the Ayutthaya Period, a platoon of royal guards was established, whose duty was to protect king and
the country. They were known as Grom Nak Muay (Muay Fighters' Regiment). This royal patronage of muay continued
through the reigns of Rama V and VII.
Muay Renaissance:
The ascension of King Chulalongkorn (Rama V) to the throne in 1868 ushered in a Golden Age not only for muay but for
the whole country of Thailand. Muay progressed greatly during the reign of Rama V as a direct result of the king's
personal interest in the art. The country was at peace and muay functioned as a means of physical exercise,
self-defense, recreation, and personal advancement.[citation needed] Masters of the art such as former fighters or
soldiers began teaching muay in training camps where students were provided with food and shelter. Trainees would be
treated as one family and it was customary for students to adopt the camp's name as their own surname.
After the occurrence of a death in the ring, King Rama the VII pushed for codified rules for Muay Thai, and they
were put into place. These included the rules that the fighters should wear modern gloves and cotton coverlets over
the feet and ankles. It was also around this time in the 1920s that the term Muay Thai became commonly used while
the older form of the style was referred to as Muay Boran.
Legendary heroes:
At the time of the fall of the ancient Siam capital of Ayutthaya in 1763, the invading Burmese troops rounded up a
group of Thai residents and took them as prisoners. Among them were a large number of Thai boxers, who were taken by
the Burmese to the city of Ungwa.
In 1774, in the Burmese city of Rangoon, the king of the Burmese, Hsinbyushin (known in Thai as "King Mangra",
decided to organize a seven-day, seven-night religious festival in honor of Buddha's relics. The festivities
included many forms of entertainment, such as the costume plays called likay, comedies and farces, and
sword-fighting matches. At one point, King Hsinbyushin wanted to see how Muay Boran would compare to the Burmese art
Lethwei[citation needed]. Nai Khanom Tom was selected to fight against the Burmese champion. The boxing ring was set
up in front of the throne and Nai Khanom Tom did a traditional Wai Kru pre-fight dance, to pay his respects to the
Burmese king, as well as for all the spectators, dancing around his opponent, which amazed and perplexed all the
Burmese people. When the fight began, he charged out, using punches, kicks, elbows, and knees, pummeling his
opponent until he collapsed.
The referee however stated that the Burmese opponent was too distracted by the Wai Kru, and the knockout was
invalid. The King then asked if Nai Khanom Tom would fight nine other Burmese champions to prove himself. He agreed
and fought them all, one after the other with no rest periods in between. His last opponent was a great boxing
teacher from Ya Kai City. Nai Khanom Tom mangled him by his kicks and no one else dared to challenge him any
further.
King Mangra was so impressed that he remarked, "Every part of the Thai is blessed with venom. Even with his bare
hands, he can fell nine or ten opponents. But his Lord was incompetent and lost the country to the enemy. If he
would have been any good, there was no way the City of Ayutthaya would ever have fallen."[citation needed]
King Mangra granted Nai Khanom Tom freedom along with either riches or two beautiful Burmese wives. Nai Khanom Tom
chose the wives as he said that money was easier to find. He then departed with his wives for Siam. Other variations
of this story had him also winning the release of his fellow Thai prisoners. His feat is celebrated every March 17
as "Boxer's Day" or "National Muay Thai Day" in his honor and that of Muay Thai's.
Today, some have wrongly attributed the legend of "Nai Khanom Tom" to King Naresuan, who was once taken by the
Burmese. However, Nai Khanom Tom and King Naresuan were almost two centuries apart.
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